Diseases to Watch for in Winter Wheat
There are a multitude of pathogens than can damage seedlings before they have a chance to develop, which can stunt growth or even kill the plant, according to CHS Agronomy. This makes it essential for growers to scout fields regularly and identify any diseases early. Some of the top winter wheat diseases to watch for are tan spot, powdery mildew, leaf rust, stripe rust and fusarium head blight.
Tan spot is one of the most common diseases found in winter wheat. It can infect the plant at any growth stage and causes tan-colored lesions with dark brown centers and yellow halos on the leaves. Tan spot can reduce yields especially when it affects the upper canopy leaves and thrives in wet conditions.
Another fungal disease that can affect winter wheat early in the season is powdery mildew. This disease can be identified by the white, branching root structure that appears on the leaf surface or the lower parts of the stem. This can cover the entire leaf surface reducing photosynthesis and grain filling. Powdery mildew is more common in fields with dense growth and higher moisture.
Warm humid conditions are most favorable for the growth of leaf rust, stripe rust and Fusarium head blight. They all can cause significant yield losses if left uncontrolled. Leaf rust and stripe rust produce distinctive orange or yellow pustules on the leaves and stems of wheat plants, which can reduce photosynthesis and grain filling. Fusarium head blight causes bleaching and shriveling of the spikelet, which can damage the quality and yield. Fusarium head blight also can produce mycotoxins that are harmful to humans and animals.
While identifying these diseases early is key, it’s also important to have a plan to control disease pressures before they have a chance to take hold. One of the best ways to prevent or reduce the impact of these diseases is to use customized seed treatments for winter wheat.
Read more at CHS Agronomy.
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